Aksesibilitas, Kemandirian Belajar, dan Kualitas Pendidikan Terbuka dan Jarak Jauh Digital: Kajian Literatur Tematik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/ijisk.v3i4.954Abstract
Abstrak
Pendidikan terbuka dan jarak jauh berbasis digital membuka peluang untuk memperluas akses pendidikan, tetapi ketersediaan teknologi saja belum menjamin partisipasi yang setara dan pembelajaran berkualitas. Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis aksesibilitas, kemandirian belajar, dan kualitas pembelajaran serta keterkaitan ketiganya dalam pendidikan terbuka dan jarak jauh digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui kajian literatur dengan sintesis tematik terhadap 20 artikel ilmiah yang diterbitkan pada 2021–2026, terdiri atas 10 artikel yang berfokus pada konteks Indonesia dan 10 artikel internasional. Literatur dianalisis berdasarkan tiga tema utama. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa akses terhadap perangkat, konektivitas, dan sumber belajar yang inklusif merupakan prasyarat partisipasi, tetapi tidak dengan sendirinya menjamin pembelajaran bermakna. Kemandirian belajar memerlukan dukungan berupa struktur tugas yang jelas, pengelolaan waktu, pemantauan kemajuan, dan umpan balik. Sementara itu, kualitas pembelajaran berkaitan dengan desain instruksional, interaksi, asesmen, kompetensi pendidik, dan dukungan institusi. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa aksesibilitas, kemandirian belajar, dan kualitas pembelajaran perlu dikembangkan secara terpadu. Hasil kajian ini dapat menjadi pertimbangan bagi pendidik dan pengelola pendidikan dalam merancang pembelajaran digital yang inklusif dan responsif terhadap kebutuhan peserta didik.
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